Met Gala Themes Through the Years: the Punks, Superheroes, Savage Beauties and More

The Met Gala is one of the biggest events on the fashion industry calendar. The annual event raises funds for the Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Costume Institute. Since 1995, it has been in the hands of Vogue editor in chief Anna Wintour, who has wielded her influence to turn the gala into one of the most celebrity-studded affairs in fashion and Hollywood.

Eleanor Lambert, a fashion publicist, organized the Met Gala in 1948 as a fundraiser for the then-newly founded Costume Institute to commemorate the inauguration of its yearly show. The first gala was a banquet with tickets costing $50 apiece.

After Wintour took over the event, its red carpet became one of the most watched. Each year, the Met Gala gets a theme that fashion fans wait in anticipation of all year — the first was in 1973 with “The World of Balenciaga.”

The Met Gala has been annual since 1948 with the exception of 1991, 2000, 2002 and 2020. In 1991, the Costume Institute didn’t hold an exhibit. In 2000 there was no Met Gala due to a canceled Chanel exhibit. In 2002 the Gala was canceled following the tragic events of 9/11. In 2020 the Gala was canceled due to the widespread COVID-19 pandemic.

The exclusive event reportedly sees tickets going from $50,000 a pop for an individual seat to $300,000 for a sponsored table.

Here, WWD takes a look at the Met Gala themes throughout the years. 

1973 Theme

The World of Balenciaga

The first Met Gala theme was marked with a retrospective of legendary designer Cristóbal Balenciaga. Guests got to see how Balenciaga earned his reputation as a master couturier.

1974 Theme

Romantic and Glamorous Hollywood Design

Hollywood’s influence on fashion is about as old and storied as the institution of Hollywood itself. In 1974, the Met Gala explored the history of Hollywood design.

1975 Theme

American Women of Style

The 1975 Met Gala theme celebrated influential women throughout what was then modern fashion history. The ladies in attendance had a ball.

1976 Theme

The Glory of Russian Costume

In a stroll down Russian history lane, the 1976 Met Gala theme explored Russian costume through the ages. Russian traditional dress began developing in the ninth century and has continuously transformed since.

1977 Theme

Vanity Fair: A Treasure Trove

Under the leadership of costume institute consultant Diana Vreeland, the Met Gala explored Hollywood, society and fashion publication Vanity Fair’s private collection. Viewers enjoyed a once-in-a-lifetime look into the collection.

1978 Theme

Diaghilev: Costumes and Designs of the Ballets Russes

Russian ballet costumes were highlighted at the 1978 Met Gala. Russian ballet has been highly regarded in the dance world and Russia and the former Soviet Union have produced many prominent ballet dancers throughout history from Mikhail Baryshnikov to Olga Smirnova.

1979 Theme

Fashions of the Habsburg Era: Austria-Hungary

The 1979 Met Gala theme was a lesson in European history and fashion. The Habsburg era was one of important noble rule for Europe.

1980 Theme

The Manchu Dragon: Costumes of China, the Chi’ng Dynasty

The Chi’ng Dynasty period in China marked the last imperial dynasty the country saw. It also marked an extensive era of intricate and opulent Chinese fashion.

1981 Theme

The 18th Century Woman

Rewinding to the previous century, the 1981 Met Gala theme explored the style of dress throughout the 18th century. Despite the theme, guests went for classic eveningwear.

1982 Theme

Le Belle Époque

La Belle Époque was the period in French and European history that began in the 1880s and ended with the start of WWI. The era was marked by the rich’s inability to deal with grim modern life.

1983 Theme

Yves Saint Laurent 25 Years of Design

Yves Saint Laurent became the first living designer honored by the Met Gala with a retrospective celebrating his 25-year career. It was easy to imagine there was no shortage of his designs worn by attendees.

1984 Theme

Man and the Horse

Undoubtedly no one loved the 1984 Met Gala theme more than equestrians, as it focused on the relationship between man and horse. Thankfully, there wasn’t a sea of men in horse jockey uniforms.

1985 Theme

Costumes of Royal India

Paying homage to India’s rich cultural and artistic heritage, the 1985 Met Gala’s theme focused on the dress of India’s royals throughout history. The exhibit was rich with colorful patterns and garments.

1986 Theme

Dance

The art form of dance was celebrated at the 1986 Met Gala. The exhibit focused on movement-friendly fashion.

1987 Theme

In Style: Celebrating 50 Years of the Costume Institute

In 1987 the Met Gala theme paid homage to the Costume Institute itself, the very part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art the gala raises money for. This left guests with a wide variety of fashion choices for the event with such an expansive breadth to choose from.

1988 Theme

From Queen to Empress: Victorian Dress 1837–1877

There is no denying the influence royal figures throughout history have had on fashion. In 1988, the Met Gala theme paid homage to Victorian dress and royalty focused on the time period of 1837 to 1877.

1989 Theme

The Age of Napoleon: Costume from Revolution to Empire, 1789–1815

Napoleon Bonaparate was one of the biggest figures of the French revolution. His reign as emperor was also marked by an acclaimed period in fashion that was recognized by the Met Gala in 1989.

1990 Theme

Théâtre de la Mode – Fashion Dolls: The Survival of Haute Couture

The 1990 Met Gala exhibit was particularly special because it featured mannequins created post-WWII by French fashion designers. After WWII, French couturiers worked to help the fashion industry rebound.

1992 Theme

Fashion and History: A Dialogue

1992’s fashion and history theme was broad, as it focused on how fashion has changed throughout history. It drove home the idea that fashion is a reflection of its current time.

1993 Theme

Diana Vreeland: Immoderate Style

Fashion editor Diana Vreeland served as the special consultant for the Costume Institute from 1972 to 1989. Several years after her death, Vreeland was honored with a Met Gala exhibit paying homage to her prominent style.

1994 Theme

Orientalism: Vision of the East in Western Dress

The 1994 Met Gala theme brought together themes of East Asian cultural fashion together with Western style. It was the last Met Gala co-chaired by renowned socialite Pat Buckley, who had been a chair since 1978.

1995 Theme

Haute Couture

The 1995 theme for the Met Gala was straightforward, simply labeled as Haute Couture.

1996 Theme

Christian Dior

The 1996 Met Gala was an homage to the late Christian Dior. In attendance was none other than fashion icon Princess Diana, who arrived at the Metropolitan Museum of Art with the Lady Dior bag whose name came from her title as Lady Diana Spencer before marrying King Charles. 

1997 Theme

Gianni Versace

In 1997, the Met Gala was bittersweet as it was a retrospective of Gianni Versace, who was murdered earlier that year. Despite the morning for the fashion industry titan, the stars came out to celebrate his legacy, with the guest list including models like Naomi Campbell and pop stars like Madonna.

1998

Cubism and Fashion

The 1998 Met Gala highlighted the effect the Cubism art period had on fashion. Guests wore outfits inspired by legendary artist Pablo Picasso and other painters of the Cubism period.

1999

Rock Style

Rock ’n’ roll is one musical art form that has had the greatest impact on fashion. Designers from Vivienne Westwood to John Varvatos owe rock music to much of their aesthetics. In 1999, the Met Gala honored rock’s impact on fashion with a retrospective on rock style.

2001

Jacqueline Kennedy: The White House Years

Jacqueline Kennedy was one of the most influential first ladies of modern times, and she was highly regarded for her sense of style. The 2001 Met Gala explored the former first lady’s approach to fashion and how her style defined her time in the White House.

2003 Theme

Goddess: The Classical Mode

With a theme like Goddess, the expectation was that most guests would show up channeling Greek gods and goddesses. However, that year many guests ended up wearing white, perhaps inspired by Roman togas.

2004 Theme

Dangerous Liaisons: Fashion and Furniture in the 18th Century

The 2004 Met Gala not only explored the art of dress but the art of furniture, too. Guests kept it classic that year with traditional ballgowns and tuxedos.

2005 Theme

The House of Chanel

If there was a precursor to this year’s Met Gala theme, it was the 2005’s the House of Chanel, honoring the eponymous label founded by Coco Chanel and the brand Lagerfeld led as creative director.

2006 Theme

Anglomania: Tradition and Transgression in British Fashion

The 2006 Met Gala was a salute to the British, paying homage to British punk icons and the fashion designs of Vivienne Westwood, who is credited with popularizing the punk aesthetic in fashion. Guests didn’t go too punk, and still opted for classic eveningwear in most cases.

2007 Theme

Poiret: King of Fashion

Legendary fashion designer Paul Poiret’s legacy was acknowledged at the 2008 Met Gala. Guests kept it classic but elevated at this Met Gala with corset gowns to opulent ballgowns.

2008 Theme

Superheroes: Fashion and Fantasy

Guests for the 2008 Met Gala did not arrived dressed as DC or Marvel Comics characters, but Victoria Beckham did don a villainess-inspired Giorgio Armani gown.

2009 Theme

The Model as Muse: Embodying Fashion

The models reigned supreme at the 2009 Met Gala in a theme that was literally all about them. Of course, this left the theme wide open to interpretation, allowing for a mix of sartorial choices from minimalism to maximalism.

2010 Theme

American Woman: Fashioning a National Identity

A new decade in America meant a turning cultural tide and shift. To reflect that, the 2010 Met Gala theme was based on American women fashioning a national identity. Red, white and blue made up much of the color palette that night.

2011 Theme

Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty

A year after the passing of Lee Alexander McQueen, the Met Gala honored the designer’s legacy with a retrospective of his work. Of course, guests wore plenty of Alexander McQueen.

2012 Theme

Schiaparelli and Prada: Impossible Conversations

For the 2012 Gala, the Met decided to juxtapose the late Elsa Schiaparelli against living legend Miuccia Prada. Both designers weren’t afraid of maximalism, which was a theme also reflected on the red carpet.

2013 Theme

Punk: Chaos to Couture

If the 2006 punk rock-y, fashion-heavy exhibit didn’t leave attendees satisfied, 2013 brought a full punk theme exhibit. Guests gave their best punk-inspired outfits a spit on the red carpet.

2014 Theme

Charles James: Beyond Fashion

Charles James was one of the most influential fashion designers of his time, born in 1906 and dying in 1978. The designer, known for his ballgowns, was the theme for the 2014 Met Gala. Plenty of ballgowns graced the red carpet that year.

2015 Theme

China: Through the Looking Glass

The 2015 Met Gala celebrated China’s influence on Western fashion, which has permeated the Fashion month catwalks for years. It also saw one of the most showstopping looks in Met Gala history when Rihanna walked up the stairs in a gold Guo Pei robe with fur trim and a pink lining. To this day, people still discuss Rihanna’s look, and it has sparked various internet memes.

2016 Theme

Manus x Machina: Fashion in an Age of Technology

Technology has become essential to everyday living, and the 2016 Met Gala celebrated the integration of fashion and technology. Claire Danes stood out in a dress by Zac Posen that literally lit up.

2017 Theme

Rei Kawakubo/Comme des Garçons: Art of the In-Between

Comme des Garçons designer Rei Kawakubo became one of the few living designers honored with a retrospective at the Met Gala. There was plenty of Comme des Garçons on the red carpet as well as outfits inspired by her sometimes avant-garde aesthetic.

2018 Theme

Heavenly Bodies: Fashion and the Catholic Imagination

It’s surprising to some how much religion and fashion can go hand-in-hand, but 2018’s Met Gala showed how Catholicism influenced fashion through the ages. Outfits included Rihanna dressed as a high-fashion pope, and Katy Perry dressed as a literal angel.

2019 Theme

Camp: Notes on Fashion

Upon announcing the Camp theme for their 2019 Met Gala, the Museum had to make it clear it had nothing to do with actually going camping. Rather, it was a celebration of camp by the definition of an aesthetic style being appealing because of its outlandish taste or ironic value.

2021 Theme

In America: A Lexicon of Fashion

For the return of the Met Gala after COVID-19, the Costume Institute paid tribute to its home country. In America celebrated a breadth of American designers through the ages and explored the idea of what it means to be an American, and how we are all different but connected.

2022 Theme

In America: An Anthology of Fashion

The 2022 Met Gala was part two of the In America theme, this time exploring more historic American fashion. The red carpet theme was “Gilded Glamour,” and guests looked to New York’s Gilded Age for fashion inspiration. Blake Lively paid homage to the Statute of Liberty in a gown that could be reversed to be copper or green.

2023 Theme

Karl Lagerfeld: A Line of Beauty

The legacy Lagerfeld left behind is one of the greatest in the history of fashion, with his time as creative director of Chanel and Fendi. He also designed for Chloé and began his career with Pierre Balmain. While the Met has made it clear this was not a retrospective, they paid homage to the critically acclaimed designer.

2024 Theme

The Garden of Time

Inspired by J.G. Ballard’s 1962 short story of the same name, the 2024 Met Gala theme coincided with the “Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion” exhibition. Many stars favored looks inspired by natural elements, including ice, sand, foilage and florals. “Sleeping Beauties” featured 250 pieces that can no longer be dressed on mannequins due to their fragility. The pieces are part of the Costume Institute’s collection of 33,000-plus items. Jennifer Lopez, Zendaya, Bad Bunny and Chris Hemsworth served as co-chairs.

2025 Theme

Superfine: Tailoring Black Style

The 2025 Met Gala honors the museum’s exhibition highlighting the archetype of the Black dandy. Inspired by guest curator Monica L. Miller’s 2009 book, “Slaves to Fashion: Black Dandyism and the Styling of Black Diasporic Identity,” it’s the Met’s first fashion exhibit focused on menswear since 2003. The dress code, “Tailored for You,” implies that suiting will be a major theme on the red carpet, though embracing one’s personal style is also central to the directive. This year’s co-chairs are Colman Domingo, Lewis Hamilton, A$AP Rocky and Pharrell Williams, as well as honorary chair LeBron James.

2026 Theme

Costume Art

Opening May 10, 2026, the Metropolitan Museum of Modern art will celebrate fashion as an art form with its “Costume Art” exhibition. The exhibit and theme for the 2026 event will focus primarily on Western art from pre-history to modern day, per the museum’s statement on the official Instagram account. Despite stepping down as Vogue U.S.’s editor-in-chief, Anna Wintour will retain her role as supervisor for the annual Met Gala.